2014—2021年高考英语语法填空真题总汇及答案

（高考英语从2014年开始正式出现语法填空题，本文件汇编了2014年至2021年所有的语法填空题，同时附有参考答案;本文件于2021年4月13日首次上传，于2021年7月28日更新；仅供交流参考，严禁他用）

2021年语法填空题汇编

▲2021新全国卷1（山东等省）

Going to MountHuangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles’ song “The Long and Winding Road”. ___56___ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we ___57___ (human) are.

The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will ___58___ (undoubted) help you get refreshed! The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the ___59___ (hot) the spring! Strange, isn’t it? But that’s how nature is—always leaving us ___60___ (astonish).

What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can’t help wondering how hard it ___61___ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place. Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure ___62___ offers a place where you can sit down to rest your ___63___ (ache) legs.

As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in ___64___ (I). While you’re in China, MountHuangshan is ___65___ must to visit!

【参考答案】

56. 填 What。因主语从句缺主语，故填复合型连接代词what（=the thing that）。

57. 填 humans。根据空格后的复数动词可知，用作主语同位语的human要用复数形式的humans。

58. 填 undoubtedly。修饰动词，要用副词形式，故填undoubtedly。

59. 填 hotter。考查“the+比较级，the+比较级（越…就越…）”句式。

60. 填 astonished。表示人感到吃惊，要用-ed形容词，故填astonished。

61. 填 was。根据句中的then可知，这是在说当时的情况，故用一般过去时。

62. 填 and。and 用于连接两个并列的动作（highlights…和offers…）。

63. 填 aching。所填之词用于修饰名词legs，故应用形容词，即填aching（疼痛的）。

64. 填 mine。这里的 mine 相当于 my memory。It sure does in mine=It sure sticks in my memory.

65. 填 a。此处的must为单数可数名词，意思是“必须做的事情”，故此处填不定冠词a。 

附2021年高考英语新全国卷1语法填空题的全文翻译：

https://www.cpsenglish.com/article/380

▲2021新全国卷2（海南等省）

I’ve always loved the ocean. In the ___56___ (seven) grade, I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California. I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, ___57___ (think) it is food.

I decided to do something ___58___ (educate) people about this problem. I held presentations at schools to teach kids about plastic waste. I wanted to reach businesses too. I decided that if I learned of a company ___59___ used a lot of plastic, I’d send it an email urging it to cut back.

One day, I saw a commercial for a health-care company. People in the ad were using plastic straws (吸管). I found the contact information of the company ___60___ emailed its president. I told him how ___61___ (harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options. I was so___62___ (excite) when he wrote back to me. He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of plastic straws in half.

I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I’d send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to ___63___ (be) Alaska Airlines. A company ___64___ (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over ___65___plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights.

56. seventh。the seventh grade意思是“七年级”。注意英美国家的“七年级”与我国义务教育的“七年级”有所不同。有关英美国家的基础教育情况，可参考柯帕斯英语网的以下文章：

▲https://www.cpsenglish.com/question/52067

▲https://www.cpsenglish.com/question/52403 

▲https://www.cpsenglish.com/article/498

57. thinking。think的逻辑主语是sea animals，它与动词think之间是主动关系，故填现在分词（作伴随状语）。

58. to educate。此处填不定式，表目的，即do something的目的是“为了……”。

59. which / that。所填之词用于引导定语从句，修饰company。先行词指事物，且关系代词在定语从句中作主语，所以可填which/that（且不可省略）。

60. and。注意空格前后两个形式相同的谓语动词found和emailed，故填并列连词and。

61. harmful。how用于修饰形容词，故填harmful。

62. excited。用于说明人，故填excited（感到激动的）。

63. was。注意I wrote to是定语从句，修饰名词companies，不要误认为to是不定式符号，而在空格处动词原形be。事实上，这里be的主语是one，故要用单数形式，再根据本段前后的时态，可确定本题要填was。

64. representative。根据空格后的谓语动词wrote可知，所填之词是用作主语，同时由于其前有名词作定语，所以要填名词形式的 representative。

65. from。此处填的from与后面的介词to构成from…to…结构。

▲2021老全国卷1

Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact (影响) travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become ___61___ (educate) about the areas—both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the ___62___ (develop) of the local areas.

Ecotourism has ___63___ (it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept ___64___ the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it desirable.

Due to ___65___ growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types ___66___ trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles:

●Minimize the impact of ___67___ (visit) the place.

●Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices.

●Provide ___68___ (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.

●Make sure that the tourism provides positive experiences for both the visitors and the hosts.

Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity. ___69___ (activity) there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations aim ___70___ (have) a low impact on the natural environment.
【参考答案】

61. 填 educated。用于系动词become后作表语，要用形容词形式，即填educated（受过教育的）。

62. 填 development。根据空格前的冠词以及空格后的介词短语可知，此处应填名词形式development。

63. 填 its。用于名词origin（起源）前作定语，应用形容词性物主代词，即填its。

64. 填 until。填until，考查not…until（直到…才）句式。

65. 填 the。因空格后的名词受of-短语的修饰而具有特指含义，故填定冠词the。

66. 填 of。考查a type of的用法，various types of trips意为“各种类型的旅行”。

67. 填 visiting。动词用于介词后面作宾语，要用动名词形式，即填visiting。

68. 填 financial。用于名词aid前作定语，故要用形容词形式financial，financial aid意为“经济援助”。

69. 填 Activities。根据空格后的复数动词range可知，此处用作主语的名词activity也要用复数形式activities。

70. 填 to have。aim后接动词时习惯上用不定式，aim to do sth意思是“试图或打算做某事”。

附2021年高考英语老全国卷1语法填空题的全文翻译：

https://www.cpsenglish.com/article/496

▲2021老全国卷2

The Xi’an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China’s long history. It ___41___ (build) originally to protect the city ___42___ the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). It is possible ___43___ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.

We accessed the wall through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people moving inside and outside the City Wall.

After ___44___ (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what ___45___ (good) than to ride on a piece of history!

We ___46___ (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky ___47___ did the job. It took us about 3 hours to go all ___48___ way around the Xi’an City Wall. Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and ___49___(watchtower) to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their ___50___(day) routines.

【参考答案】

41. 填 was built。空格前的 it 指代The Xi’an City Wall，它与动词 build 之间为被动关系，故用被动语态，又因为西安古城墙的修建时间在过去，所以用一般过去时。

42. 填 in。表示在某个朝代，用介词in。

43. 填 to walk。句首的it为形式主语，其后填不定式作真实主语。

44. 填 spending。动词用于介词后面作宾语时，总是用动名词，即填spending。

45. 填 better。考查what better than…句式的使用。有关what better than…的详细用法可参见：https://www.cpsenglish.com/question/51268

46. 填 hired。记录过去（当时）所做的事，故用一般过去时。

47. 填 but。前后意思转折，故填but。

48. 填 the。all the way为习语，意为“一路上”。

49. 填 watchtowers。different 修饰名词时通常要用复数形式，即填 watchtowers。

50. 填 daily。由于是用于名词前作定语，故要用形容词形式，即填daily。

附2021年高考英语老全国卷2语法填空题的全文翻译：待补

▲2021浙江卷

It doesn’t impress like George Washington’s plantation on the Potomac, but Lincoln’s home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, ___56___ (prove) irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public. Beautifully restored (修复) to its 1860 appearance, the house was Abraham and Mary Lincoln’s home for 17 years. In 1844 they bought it ___57___ $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their ___58___ (marry) ceremony in 1842.

When the house was built, it was much ___59___ (small) than it is today. Mary’s niece wrote, “The little home ___60___ (paint) white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of ___61___ (she), everything in good taste and in perfect order.

Although Mary loved flowers, ___62___ she nor her husband was known as a gardener. A long-time neighbor said they never planted trees and only kept a garden for one year. Mary’s sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over ___63___ (plant) flowers in the front yard.

___64___ Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family. Three of the four Lincoln sons were born here. After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and ___65___ (sell) most of their furniture.

【参考答案】

56. 填 has proved/has proven。根据后面的since（自从）可知，此处应用现在完成时。

57. 填 for。填for，表示价格，buy sth for some money意为“花多少钱买某物”。

58. 填 marriage。根据句意和空格前的物主代词可知，此处应填marry的名词形式marriage。

59. 填 smaller。根据空格后的than可知，此处应填比较级smaller。

60. 填 was painted。因home与paint之间为被动关系，故填被动语态was painted。

61. 填 herself。指对她自己的反映。

62. 填 neither。考查neither…nor…（既不…也不…）结构的用法。

63. 填 to plant。come后面接动词不定式作目的状语，即填to plant。

64. 填 The。the Lincolns意为“林肯一家”。

65. 填 sold。跟rented为并列谓语，前后应保持一致的时态形式，故用一般过去时。

附2021年高考英语浙江卷语法填空题的全文翻译：

https://www.cpsenglish.com/question/51443

▲2021北京卷

Why do we dream? Scientists aren’t completely sure, and they have diverse ___11___ (idea). Dreams might be a side effect of memory making. When you sleep, your brain sorts through everything ___12___ happened during the day, trying to link new experiences to old memories. As it ___13___ (connect) things, your brain turns them into a story, and you get a dream.

B

Sam is an in-real-life streamer (播主), and he live streams himself just going about his day. While riding his bike home ___14___ a cold night, he came across a sad-looking elderly woman wandering the streets by herself. The poor woman wasn’t able to give him any information about ___15___ she lived. Sam walked her to a nearby convenience store so that she could ___16___ (safe) wait for the police to take her home.

C

There ___17___ (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, ___18___ (cause) largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations. From 2000 to 2019, there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world, ___19___ (result) in USD2,970 billion in economic loss. Much of this increase can be due to climate change. The findings show a critical need ___20___ (invest) in disaster prevention.

【参考答案】 

11. 填 ideas。idea是可数名词，由于其前没有必要的限定词修饰，所以要用复数形式（否则就成了“光杆名词”）。

12. 填that。that引导定语从句，修饰代词everything。（有人认为everything后面只能用that引导定语从句，不能用which，其实用which也不能算错，只是不如用that常见而已，比如《牛津英语语法教程·高级》指出Everything that he said was crazy. 和 Everything which he said was crazy 都可以说，但前者比后者更常见。

13. 填 connects。陈述客观事实，且其相应的主句也是一般现在时，故从句也用一般现在时。

14. 填 on。表示在某具体某一天的晚上，应连用介词on。

15. 填 where。指居住的地方，故填连接副词where。

16. 填 safely。修饰动词应用副词形式，故填safely。

17. 填 has been。根据后面的over the past 20 years可知，句子应用现在完成时。

18. 填 caused。因“极端天气事件的数量急剧上升”与“导致”之间为被动关系，故填过去分词（注意后面的by短语也是一个标志性的词语）。

19. 填 resulting。因“全球共发生重大自然灾害7348起”与“造成经济损失2.97万亿美元”之间为主动关系，故用现在分词resultying。

20. 填 to invest。名词need后通常接不定式作定语。

附2021年高考英语北京卷语法填空题的全文翻译：

https://www.cpsenglish.com/article/549

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