2 face down的用法问题

The next thing I knew, I was face down in the water.

1.我们老师说face down是表语,但我认为face down整体是副词,请问face down的词性到底是什么?如果是副词的话我有两种分析,face down修饰整个句子,去掉该副词后主句是I was in the water.,第二种是face down修饰介词in,请老师鉴定一下。

2.前面的名词词组The next thing I knew是什么成分?貌似不是左偏置结构,因为The next thingI根本不是同一个物,也不太可能是句子的同位语,因为如果是同位语应该放在后面而不是开头,请问这到底是什么用法?

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最佳答案 2022-02-18 23:29

1 face down 本是一个独立主格结构,即face being down省略了系词being。很多名词+副词构成的独立主格结构逐渐演变为副词,被当做副词使用。词典已经把face down作为副词收录,也可以拼写为face-downI was face down in the water. 应该分析为副词face down作表语,in the water为状语。如果句子为I was in the water face down. 则是介词短语作表语,face down作状语。类似于 He was sitting beside her in the room. 分析为进行时态+地点状语。He was in the room sitting beside her. 分析为系表结构+分词作伴随状语。

2 先看一下下面句子的分析:

What is importantyou are safe. what is important为评注性状语(传统语法分析为插入语)。

What is important is that you are safe. what从句为主语从句

You are save, which is important. 关系分句作句子状语(传统语法分析为which引导非限制性定语从句)。

注意what=the thing which, what is important=the thing which is important,即先行词+定语从句。

你的句子:the next thing I knew 就是一个名词+定语从句,= what I knew next。分析方法同上:

The next thing I knew, I was face down in the water. 逗号前为评注性状语(插入语),后面为主句。

The next thing I knew was that I was face down in the water. 主系表结构,that从句为表语。

I was face down in the water, which was the next thing I knew. which从句为句子关系分句(传统语法分析为非限制性定语从句)。

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  • YCM 提出于 2022-02-17 23:15