1 对deserve doing和be worth doing之间区别的强化认识

请判断下列句子的正误。如有误请说明。

1. A number of less common, although equally important causes of infertility is worth being aware of.

2. A number of less common, although equally important causes of infertility deserve being aware of.

3. English pronunciation is worth teaching by a teacher.

4. English pronunciation deserves teaching by a teacher.

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最佳答案 2017-11-03 00:22

谢谢曹老师出题,我试着作出判断,如有不妥和错误,请指正!

1. A number of less common, although equally important causes of infertility is worth being aware of. (误)

2. A number of less common, although equally important causes of infertility deserve being aware of. (误)

3. English pronunciation is worth teaching by a teacher. (正)

4. English pronunciation deserves teaching by a teacher. (正)

理由是:be worth以及deserve后面接动名词,总是用主动形式表示被动意义。


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刘永科   - 教育出版集团英语总顾问 & 英语系列图书主编
擅长:语法理论,语言学,文化背景

一、我对deserve 用法的理解:

该动词后面的宾语,可以是名词、动名词或不定式。如果主语和宾语之间是“被动意义”时,deserve的宾语,首选是表示“动作意义的名词”;如果没有名词,则使用主动形式的动名词代替;然后再考虑使用动词不定式的被动式。例如:“获胜者值得鼓励。”

1. The winners deserve encouragement.

2. The winners deserve encouraging.

3. The winners deserve to be encouraged.

具有上述用法的动词,除了deserve 外,还有表示“需要”意义的need, want, require等。

二、关于worth:

我认为曹老师给的例句中,worth 是个标准的介词。因为介词之后接名词或动名词,完全合乎语法规则(有的词典,包括葛传槼先生认为是形容词,暂不讨论)。其次,西方人的思维不去考虑主语跟worth 后面的那个动词是什么关系,而是着眼于把这个动名词理解为一个名词,彻底忽略主动还是被动关系,所以,习惯上一律使用主动形式的动名词。例如:

The book is worth reading.

这里的reading 直接理解为名词“阅读”,忽略它的动词属性,不用考虑“主动还是被动”的问题。其实,语境已经给了提示:book 跟reading 的关系肯定是被动的。

这个道理就像help 一样,它究竟表示主动还是被动?需要在不同的语境中去理解,例如:His help is great to me. 这句话中,他跟help 是主动关系。又如:We came to his help. 本句,他跟这个help 则是被动关系。

三、关于worth 之后,一定要用及物动词的动名词形式吗?答案是否定的。

worth 之后完全可以接系动词,由系动词构成的及物性质的介词短语。

关于worth + being + adj. + prep. 的例句:

Some things are worth being afraid of. And some things are not. 

You're not worth being on the same platform. 

We owe it to the public to make something worth being proud of. 

There is nothing in life worth being serious about. 

Every time you create a town worth being in, you're contributing to a land that's full of places...

We sometimes go to real places, places with stories, places worth being in, worth remembering.


鉴于以上分析,我认为曹老师的4个句子都对:

1. A number of less common, although equally important causes of infertility are worth being aware of.

2. A number of less common, although equally important causes of infertility deserve being aware of.

3. English pronunciation is worth teaching by a teacher.

4. English pronunciation deserves teaching by a teacher.

 


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  • 曹荣禄   提出于 2017-10-30 13:15

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