2 表示否定意义的短语用于祈使句时的倒装问题

语法书上说,当表示否定意义的短语用于句首时要用倒装句式。

但如果后面接的是祈使句呢?怎么倒装?


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最佳答案 2017-09-26 17:09

表示否定意义的短语用于祈使句前面,其后不用倒装,也无法倒装。以 on no account 为例:

On no account tell him the news. 千万不要把这消息告诉他。

On no account let anyone know we’re here. 切莫让任何人知道我们在这里。

这类用法可视为是省略了should you, must you等。如:

On no account (should you) try to fix the heater yourself. All repairs should be done by a trained engineer. 切勿自己修加热器, 一切修理应由专业技师负责。


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其它 2 个回答

陈才   - 英语教师
擅长:中考英语,词法问题

【1】表示否定意义的在句首, 句子半倒装, 通常为little, seldom,never, hardly, scarcely, rarely ,barely ,not,nowhere.

neither, nor.

Little did I think that we were talking together for the last time.

我没有想到这次谈话竟成诀别。

Seldom have I seen such a remarkable girl.

I have seldom seen such a remarkable girl.

我很少看见过如此出众的女孩。

Never shall I go there again.

I shall never go there again.

我再也不会去那儿。

Never shall I forget your advice.

Never shall I forget the days when you were with us.

我很少有时间去看电影。

Rarely / Hardly /Scarcely/ Barely could she have been faced with so difficult a choice.

她可能极少面临过如此困难的选择。

Not for anything will I give up halfway.

我决不会半途而废。

Nowhere has the world ever seen such great enthusiasm for learning as in our country.

世上没有任何地方有像在我国这样高的学习热情。

Little do we know about him.

Little did I understand what he said to me at that time.

Little does he realize the importance of the meeting.

Seldom does he come back on Sundays.

Seldom does he go to that park.

Never in my life have I seen such a thing.

Never shall I forget you. 

Hardly(几乎不) do I speak to him.

Not a word did he say when he left. 

Rarely does a grand jury publicly disagree with a prosecutor. 

大陪审团公开反对公诉人意见的情况很少见

Scarcely had they left before soldiers arrived armed with rifles. 

他们刚离开,扛着步枪的士兵们就到了

Scarcely does he go to that park.

陈述:I seldom go to the cinema.

倒装:Seldom do I go to the cinema.             

我很少去看电影.

陈述:I have never seen such a performance.

倒装:Never have I seen such a performance. 

我从来没有看过这样的表演.

Nowhere will you find the answer to this question.

Nor did he let the disease stop him from living the kind of life he has always dreamt about

(疾病没有使他放弃过上梦想中的生活)

备注:如果hardly, scarcely后面接的是any, ever, at all时,意义类似almost no/ not/ never(几乎不、从不),则无须倒装。

Hardly any people invited went there.

几乎没有什么受到邀请的人去那里了。

【2】表示否定意义的介词短语(at no time决不, on no account(决不),under no circumstances\condition...(任何情况下都不),in vain(徒劳),by no means(决不),in no case\way(任何情况下都不),with no method 没有办法/方法, 位于句首,句子需要使用半倒装结构

含有否定意义的介词词组

At no time will China behave like a superpower.

中国决不会做超级大国。

At no time will I get married to you.

我决不会嫁给你。

At no time was the man aware of what was happening.

这个人决没有注意发生了什么事情。

On no account would I need to borrow money from my friends.

我绝对没有必要向朋友们借钱。

On no account should we let him leave.

我们绝对不要让他离开。

Under no circumstances will she let her daughter marry such a man.

她决不会把女儿嫁给这样的一个男人。

In Under no circumstances will I lend money to him.

我决不会借钱给他。

In vain did we try to persuade her to give up her plan.

我们劝她放弃计划,她不听。

By no means was he able to handle it.
这件事他绝对没办法处理。

By no means should we tell lies.

我们绝对不要撒谎。

In no case have I noticed that he left early.
我根本没有注意到他早退了。

In no way am I responsible for what has happened.

我决不对发生的事情负责。

With no method can we solve the problem.

我们没有方法可以解决这个问题。

In no country other than Britain, it had been said, can one experience four seasons in the course of a single day.

据说除了英国世界上没有哪个国家能让人在一天中感受到四季变化

In no case must force be resorted to.

决不准许诉诸武力。

By no means is it true that all English people know their own language well.

并非所有的英国人都通晓本国语。

特别注意:in no time(立即,马上)位于句首时,其后无需用倒装语序:

In no time he worked out the problem.

他马上就算出了那道题。


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曹荣禄  
擅长:动词用法,句法问题

这个问题本身就不成立。“具有否定意义的词或短语位于句首时需要倒装”这种说法本身就有问题,是不准确的。例如:No one believes him. 这句话中no one就位于句首,句子并不需要倒装。正确的说法应该是:“具有否定意义的词或短语前置,则句子必须部分倒装(操作词移至主语前)。”因此,必须明确前置的定义。前置指的是本不属于主语前位置的词项移至主语前位置。也就是说,否定意义的词项前置才导致倒装,如果没有前置就不倒装。这就是为什么No one believes him.这句话不倒装的原因。因为no one是主语,本来就该位于句首位置,并没有前置。那么,祈使句的主语you通常都是省略的,直接以谓语动词开头。因此,主语不出现就不存在前置,也就不存在倒装的问题。例如:

Never do it again.

Don't do it.

这都是否定词位于句首,都不存在倒装的问题。

Never should you do it again. 这个句子倒是倒装了,但已经不是祈使句了。

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