先行宾语(preparatory object)问题

权威语法书一般都有这样的说明:

如果动词的宾语是不定式(短语),动名词(短语)或者从句,且带有形容词(短语),名词(短语)或过去分词(短语)作宾语补语时,要用it作先行宾语,真实宾语退居其后,形成外位结构。例如:

1.We found it tiring to listen to him.(不定式短语作外位宾语)

2.We thought it no use doing that.(动名词短语作外位宾语)

3.He found it strange that no one else had arrived.that从句作外位宾语)

4.We heard it said that he had gone to Canada.that从句作外位宾语)

但是,见到这样的解释,make (it) clear that…中的it经常省略。例句:

1.She make it clear that she disagreed.

2.The Prime Minister has made clear that he will not allow a free vote.

我的疑问是:

1.从句作外位宾语时,先行宾语it可以省略,是仅限于make it clear that…结构吗?有其他可以省略先行宾语it的类似表达吗?

2.34句的从属标记词that可以省略吗?

期待老师们的帮助!

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最佳答案 2023-09-15 21:32

这个内容是PEU第4版上的吧!我觉得你的问题可能只是个惯用法的问题。make clear和make glad和make public是一个路子,都是省略it更为常见。还有一种情况是这种:Don’t consider impossible what is really possible.后面是wh-词尤其是what引导的从句时。第3,4句都可以不要that,少见而已。

1.They told me about what Geoff had said, but I thought it strange (that) he didn’t mention money.

2.I heard it said he called them robbers.

都有出处的,你自己可以找找,要赶着下班,买菜去!

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  • 小王同学 提出于 2023-09-15 09:41