What became of my life was as much a factor of the inequities that exist in our society today as it was (a factor of) my skills, my talents and my work ethic.

简化一下，去掉定从，再省略比较分句中与主句重复的部分：

What became of my life was as much a factor of the inequities as my skills, my talents and my work ethic.

根据上下文，这个句子所要表达的意思是：我之所以成功不仅仅是由于我的技能、天赋和职业道德，还由于存在于当今社会中的不平等现象。这里的factor意思类似result，不太确定这种用法是否规范。

这个句子整体上属于as much ... as的结构，表示“不仅……而且”、“既……又”的意思。其中much是比较的标准，做名词短语a factor的下加状语，表示程度。

What became of my life【主语】// was 【系动词】//as much a factor of the inequities that exist in our society today【表语】// as were my skills, my talents and my work ethic【比较状语】.

参考译文：我的生活所发生的事情,像我的技能,我的才能以及我的职业道德一样，都是造成当今社会不平等的因素之一。

备注(1):what 为融合性关系代词引导主语从句

备注(2):as much a +名词+as 结构，第1个as为副词，第2个as引导比较状语从句

备注(3): of the inequities...为介词短语作后置定语修饰名词 a factor

备注(4): that exist in our society today为关系代词that引导定语从句修饰名词inequities,关系代词 that 在定语从句作主语成分。

备注(5):as much a factor of the inequities that exist in our society today as were my skills, my talents and my work ethic =a factor of the inequities that exist in our society today as much as were my skills, my talents and my work ethic.