3 that 的替代词用法(that of)

What are the differences between the waste management in Sweden and that of some countries in Africa?

句子摘自北师大高中英语必修第三册第8单元(p43)

老师说这里的 that 是替代词?请专家老师分析一下它的用法(最好有例句),谢谢!

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最佳答案 2022-09-10 15:13

没错,你的句子中的 that 为替代词,用于替代 the waste management,即原句相当于:

What are the differences between the waste management in Sweden and the waste management of some countries in Africa?

替代词 that 的这种用法主要用于替代带有后置修饰语的名词(比如你的句子中的 that 带有后置修饰语 of some countries in Africa)。又如:

The Prime Minister’s speech and that of his Deputy were not in harmony with each other. 总理和副总理的讲话相互并不一致。

They drew a comparison between Gandhi’s teaching and that of other teachers. 他们把甘地的教学和其他教师的进行比较。

The river formed the frontier between the land of the Saxons and that of the Danes. 这条河曾是撒克逊人与古斯堪的纳维亚人土地的分界线。

It would be easy to draw a parallel between the town’s history and that of its football club. 将该城的历史与其足球俱乐部的历史作个比较,很容易就会发现两者的相似之处。

替代词 that 还经常用于比较级句式中。如:

The weather of Beijing is colder than that of Guangzhou. 北京的天气比广州冷。

The freezing point of alcohol is much lower than that of water. 酒精的凝固点比水低得多。

A dog’s intelligence is much greater than that of a cat. 狗的智慧比猫的高得多。

A grandparent’s job is easier than that of a parent. 祖父母的任务比父母的任务要轻松一些。

Its grain output was 46.5 per cent higher than that of 1985. 它的粮食产量比1985年增长了46.5%。

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陈才   - 英语教师
擅长:中考英语,词法问题

What are the differences between the waste management in Sweden and that of some countries in Africa?

赞同蒋老师解答观点 即that指代前面名词 the waste management

解答:thatthose除了可以当做指示代词使用,还可以当做替代词使用,通常都带有后置定语修饰限定,具有用法如下

替代词that用法

that指代不可数名词的替代词用法。

The price of wheat is higher than that of rice. 小麦的价格比大米高

The light of the sun is much brighter than that of the moon.太阳的光线要比月亮上的光线强烈得多。

The weather in Nanjing is hotter than that in Beijing.南京的天气要比北京的热。

A dog’s intelligence is much greater than that of a cat. 狗的智慧比猫的高得多

that也可以指代可数名词,指代可数名词时,相当于the one

This story is not so interesting as that  we heard last night.

=This story is not so interesting as the one we heard last night.这个故事不如我们昨晚听到的那一个有趣

This film is more interesting than that we saw last night.

=This film is more interesting than the one we saw last night.这部电影比我们昨天晚上看的那部有趣得多。

The computer is different from that  we are using.

=The computer is different from the one we are using.这台电脑和我们正用的那台不一样。

A grandparent’s job is easier than that of a parent. 祖父母的任务比父母的任务要轻松一些。

为了避免重复,that还可以指代前面整句话内容

He will ask me to lend him some money and I can’t do that .他问我借点钱,可我不能借。

We see him when he comes to town,but that  isn’t often.他进城时我们能见到他,但是这种情况不常有.

                                       替代词those用法

those指代前面复数可数名词形式,通常带有后置定语加以修饰限定。相当于the ones

The houses of the rich are generally larger than those of the poor富人的房子通常要比穷人的房子大。

The students in our class work harder than those in their class.我们班的同学比他们班的同学学习更刻苦。

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