2 定语从句(1)when和where的用法

大家看看下面的笔记有什么问题?

when的用法

关键:whenwhere只能充当状语,不能充当其他成分。

a I’ll never forget the time which I spent on campus.

b I’ll never forget the day when we first met in the park.

c The day, which began brightly, ended with a violent storm.

解析:在这两句话里,尽管先行词分别是表示时间的名词timeday,但用的关系词不同。在例句a)中,由于定语从句中的谓语spent缺宾语,因此关系词要充当这一宾语,故要用which。在例句b)中,定语从句不缺主语或宾语,而是缺少时间状语,故关系词用when,这里when作时间状语,修饰met。在例句c)中,先行词是day,表示时间。由于定语从句缺少主语,所以用关系代词which引导定语从句,which作从句的主语,而不用关系副词when,因为关系副词无法作主语,只能作状语。

where的用法

a This is the town where I spent my childhood.

b This is the town which I told you about before.

c I know a couple( ) the man is American and the woman is Chinese.

dI’ve never been to Beijing, but it’s the place that / whichI most want to visit.

解析:在前两句话里,尽管先行词都是表示地点的名词town,但用的关系词不同。在例句a)中,定语从句不缺少主语或宾语,而是缺少地点状语,故关系词用wherewhere作地点状语,修饰spent。在例句b)里,由于定语从句中的谓语部分told you about缺少宾语,因此关系词要充当这一宾语,故要用whichc)句,答案是where,而且只能用where。关系词who在定语从句里只能充当主语或宾语等名词性成分。所以,当定语从句不缺乏这样的成分时,即使先行词是指人,也无法使用who来指代先行词。d)句,visit缺少宾语,所以不能用where,由于关系词做宾语,所以that / which可以省略。

 

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最佳答案 2022-03-24 18:41

whenwhere引导非限制性定语从句时,可以作介词的宾语,例如 since when...; from where...。所以不能绝对地说whenwhere引导定语从句,在从句中只能作状语,不能作其他成分。

Giovanni died in 1968, since when Melis has worn the long-sleeved black garb of a widow.

Their most visible objective was to establish themselves next to the mouth of one of the large rivers, from where they could push on into the interior of the continent more easily than over land through countless miles of forest.


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  • 提出于 2022-03-12 22:30