答案:Her husband was said to be/have been a criminal.
请问过去时为什么 be said to be 也可以,如何理解?
还有一题 People said that there was gold in the cave.
答案: There was said to have been gold in the cave. 请问 There was said to be gold in the cave. 是否可以?如何理解?
谢谢老师!
People said (that) her husband was a criminal.
这个句子中said后接宾语从句。这个句子改为被动语态时,有二种该法:
1 It was said that her husband was a criminal.
that从句由宾语从句改为主语从句,it作形式主语,that从句外置。was said的主语是个that从句。
2 Her husband was said to be a criminal.
用宾语从句的主语作被动句的主语,said 改为被动语态was said. 宾语从句的谓语动词was a criminal 改为不定式to be a criminal, 作被动句的主语补足语。
语法上Her husband是was said的主语,但语义上was said的主语是“她丈夫是个罪犯”这个判断句。这种结构语法上称为“提升主语结构”(raised subject)。即从句的主语提升到主句作主句的主语,从句的谓语改为不定式结构作主语补足语。至于不定式用to do还是to have done, 取决于从句谓语和主句谓语的时间关系。如果二者是同一个时间,则不定式用一般体。如果从句谓语时间在主句谓语时间之前,则不定式用完成体。
所以:
People said that there was gold in the cave.
改为提升主语结构则为:
There was said to be gold in the cave.
如果主动句的谓语为现在时,宾语从句为过去时,改为提升主语结构时,不定式要用完成体:
People say that there was gold in the cave.
There is said to have been gold in the cave.
再看一个提升主语结构:
It seems that Tom left yesterday.
Tom seems to have left yesterday. (提升主语结构)
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