倪肖丁
倪肖丁
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性别: 注册于 2016-04-27

擅长:惯用法问题

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2天前 回答问题

宾语区用人称代词还是反身代词的问题一般情况下是容易判断的。但有时情况很复杂,有可能两种形式都能用,意思可能相同也可能不同,这跟文体和动词句式等因素有关。如果把问题限制在你给出的这个句子上,那就相对简单些。to help...这个不定式分句本身没有显性的主语,因此句子的主语(反身代词的先行词)被默认为不定式分句的主语,这时help后应该用反身代词herself。这是一般语法规则。仍以to help分句为例:Later he sold silk stockings to help himself through the University of Pennsylvania.Speakers assign these statuses to components of messages to help themselves produce texts and to help their listeners interpret them. 但在非正式文体中,像上述例句中那样紧跟在动词后的直接宾语也可能用人称代词。下列各句源于英语文学原著:      Sabrina said. " I'm going to have a shower to relax me. "      Alone, they kissed, he tasting on her tongue the Scotch she had had to relax her. If Dr. Von Hallor has to doodle to help him think... that's his business. 这些句子中的人称代词,按语法规则都应改成反身代词。但实际上在文学作品和其它非正式文体中,用人称代词替代反身代词的现象并不罕见,尤其当反身代词远离其先行词时,因为此时先行词对代词的影响力已被削弱。鉴此,你的原句中用her也是可以的,用herself则更规范。如果把不定式to help...置于句首,情况同样如此:用反身代词更正规,用人称代词也完全可以。例如:To help me get to sleep, I tried thinking about waves breaking on the shore. To help himself cope, he turned his ordeal into an MTV comedy special that will air May 23. 至于充当间接宾语和介词宾语的反身代词,则有更大可能被人称代词取代,但问题也比较复杂,这里就不谈了。以上内容仅供参考。

4天前 回答问题

1. reminder当然可以表示某人发出的提醒,无论是喊话、写纸条、身体语言还是其它形式的暗示等,这与词典中对reminder的释义并不相悖。例如:We have not forgotten the poet Robert Frost's reminder that' good fences make good neighbors. (我们没有忘记诗人罗伯特・弗罗斯特的提醒:“好的篱笆造就好的邻居。”)2. what they are = what these limits are。理解成what these rules are也说得通,意思差不多。人称代词一般指代前文出现过的名词,例如本句中的的limits和rules。

4天前 回答问题

别把事情搞的太复杂,否则很难自圆其说。比如你这个(the determination that)中的that是什么呢?是关系代词吗?在关系分句中当什么成分呢?分句的主语和宾语都齐全,它还有什么成分可当?把事情简化些:整个with the same determination(相当于as determinedly)作为包含比较短语的状语,在as分句中的对应部分必须空缺,。再简单些:含有the same...的状语后都是直接跟as分句,不再出现同类状语,这就是惯用法。比如:I had left at the same time as John arrived.The cylinders slide backwards at the same speed as the whole machine is moving forward.大家都是这样用的,对这样的句子没必要用“比较项的对应项”之类概念来进行分析。

2026-01-18 16:27 回答问题

to believe是形容词hard的补足语。原句相当于I find (that) that is hard to believe。如果没有不定式to believe,前面的hard语义不完整。

2026-01-18 11:16 回答问题

此处的so用于表示结果。例如:High doses (more than 5 g per day) increasingly suppress proximal tubular reabsorption, so causing hyperuricosuria.   Chief reason was the shrinkage of the Exchange's daily turnover, so reducing members' incomes that they were having to reduce their office personnel, dispense with faithful, valued employees.     上述so的用法和语义跟thus差不多,只是后者更为常见也较为正式。例如:The introduction of the euro led to a rise in prices thus causing inflation. As the ligand binds, heat is either generated or absorbed, thus raising or lowering the temperature in the  cell. so和thus的这种用法主要表示上下文的语义逻辑联系:前者为因,后者为果。但因为-ing分句本身也可以表示结果,所以在语义明确并通顺的情况下,so和thus通常不必出现。例如:Appetite is lessened, resulting in weight loss and dietary problems.Many of the men returned home, causing local unemployment.其它表示结果功能的还有accordingly, as a result, consequently, hence, thereby, therefore等。这些在Quirk语法中被称之为 conjuncts (联加状语),在其它一些语法模型中可能被称之为conjunctors或者conjunctive/connective /linking adjuncts 等不一而足。可译为连接语、连接状语、连接纽带、或连接性状语等等。 但这些名称都是根据这些词语(副词或介词短语)的功能而赋予的称谓,并非词典中用来标明词类(word classes,parts of speech)的术语。另外,联加状语多用于连接两个句子或分句。上述so和thus后接-ing分句,相对比较少见。

2026-01-11 12:19 回答问题

不定代词被当作名词一样用是实际存在的现象。像这种非正式语体的小众用法,词典估计不大可能会有专门介绍,语法也未必会提及。但在一般文体中,特别是口语和文学体裁中并不罕见。以someone为例: Laura had telephoned every library in Burlington, Iowa, got someone who knew someone, got a someone who knew the married name and phone number of the subject of our search.(American Heritage: Dec94: Vol. 45 Issue 8, p110) In another few seconds, they had grasped a rope of twisted gold that an unseen someone lowered from above. They wrapped their legs around it and around each other. (Nights in black satin ) So I'll look into ways that you can de-cloak an invisible someone. What about you? Cordelia might be working on her dress tonight. Maybe there'll be some action. I guess I'm gonna start the hunt. How exactly do you propose to hunt someone you can't see? (Movie:Buffy the Vampire Slayer)In profile, he is talking to an invisible someone. (Fiction: Set This House on Fire)I asked a certain someone, who made me promise not to name her by the way, to do me a favour. (Fiction:New year - new luck)Um... go out on a date with a special someone or with a new crush. (US movie:100 Yards)此时的someone并非词典中所介绍的an important person之意,基本意思仍相当于someone的原意“某人,某个人”。例如:an invisible someone=someone special,an invisible someone=someone invisible,a certain someone = someone 等等。只是表达的手法有所改变,可能具有更加“未知”、更为生动和强烈的效果。something也可这样用。例如:In the fluid in which it multiplied was a something that killed several kinds of microbes.(TIME)其中的a something如果直接改为something,在读者的感觉中这一物质的神秘感就会被打折扣。此外,人称代词也可用作名词。例如:What a darling puppy! Is it a he or a she?   To save her life, Dr. Mengers rebuilt and re-endowed her as Myron Breckinridge: the man, in fact, who Myra had originally been before a sex-change operation transformed him into  a her. (TIME)    供参考。

2026-01-11 12:15 回答问题

From...on这类状语的确表示从某个时间点开始所形成的一种状态或习惯。这一状态或习惯显然具有持续性。但这并不意味着from...on不能与短暂性动词连用。比如说,from  I began / decided to...这样搭配的句式完全没有问题。例如:From then on Gothic details became more frequent, particularly in the Rhine provinces. (World Architecture) From then on writing became my only real interest. Just as the paintbrush used to be my scepter, so now a pencil was seldom out of my foot. (Christy Brown: My left foot)From then on, I decided to do only what I liked and only what I wanted, and to do it alone.(NewYorker)From then on, though he was only 16, his fluent voice began  to echo through the Welsh valleys. (TIME)From then on the civilian situation will get worse.(TIME)From then on Epstein gets tangled with Behrman in a confusing hodgepodge of drawing-room wit heavily weighted with dramatic overtones. (TIME) From then on he began to act like the reincarnation of " Lord " Timothy. (TIME)显然,短暂动词仅表示某种状态的一个始点,真正开始持续的并不是这个始点,而是该始点所启动的一个状态或习惯。

2025-09-17 16:34 回答问题

1. 500 calories more中的more是限定词,作后置修饰语,修饰名词中心词calories。一般的限定词都是前置修饰语,放在中心名词之前。但少数限定词既可以前置,也可以后置。more就是这样的限定词。所以我们既可(后置)说500 calories more,也可以(前置)说500 more calories。意思不变,但说500 more calories的更常见。例如:We need two more days. ( = We need two days more.)2. on the unprocessed diet 意为“吃未加工饮食”,作名词中心词time的定语。During their time on the unprocessed diet, they lost about two pounds全句意为“在吃未加工饮食期间,他们大约减重 2 磅”。

2025-08-14 23:04 回答问题

上述who引导的关系分句修饰的先行项是The current world chess champion。但因此而说“定语从句也可以修饰其中的定语”是不准确的。因为这给人造成了错觉,似乎关系分句分别修饰了两个独立的成分:一个是主语,另一个是主语的定语。实际上在整个名词词组The current world chess champion中,中心词(主角)还是champion,而The current world chess只是名词词组中的附属成分。所以,应该说关系分句修饰的是带定语的名词中心词。

2025-08-13 17:16 回答问题

   不同英语语法模型对同一名称的语法术语有不同的定义或赋予不同的内涵。同位语是不是修饰语取决于我们采信何种语法模型。   在章振邦团队及其认同的Quirk等人的语法模型中,同位语是名词的后置修饰语。   但在Huddleston的语法模型中,同位语要做区分:作为名词词组内部附属成分的同位语是修饰语。例如 She sang in the opera 'Carmen'.  ,其中的Carmen就是修饰语。但对于名词词组外部(有逗号分开的)的同位语,在Huddleston的语法模型中被称为补充性同位语,它不是修饰语,而是补充语的一种。   在你的例句My friend, Tom, is a student中,Tom被逗号隔开,所以在Huddleston的语法模型中它是补充性同位语,也就是补充语,而非修饰语。   但从语义上讲,Tom是限制性同位语。因为我们不能假设你只有一个朋友,Tom对中心词friend起到了限制作用,用于回答Which friend?  所以我对你的这个句子的可靠性有一定程度的怀疑,我觉得应该写成My friend Tom is a student。因为通常情况下限制性同位语不能被逗号隔开。例如,My friend, Jewel, needs a ride这个句子就被English Grammar and Usage界定为错句。  个人的感觉是,在特殊情况下用逗号或许也有可能。比如聊天时(口语),在my friend后不自觉地有了停顿,然后觉得有必要补充这位友人的名字,那么记录下来就可能出现了逗号。但我本人在阅读中尚未见到过这种用法。   建议不必把问题搞得太复杂,Huddleston的语法模型包含很多与传统语法不同的概念和术语,其中的很多观点有新意也有道理,但也可能给一般读者造成思想混乱。相比较而言,Quirk和章振邦的语法模型比较接近传统。所以把各种同位语都纳入修饰语也没有问题。   以上意见仅供供参考!