3 until用法疑问

这是新概念3-28课,有几个疑问请教老师:

Small boats loaded with wares sped to the great liner as she was entering the harbour. Before she had anchored, the men from the boats had climbed on board and the decks were son covered with colourful rugs from Persia, silks from India, copper coffee pots, and beautiful handmade silverware. It was difficult not to be tempted. Many of the tourists on board had begun bargaining with the tradesmen, but I decided not to buy anything until I had disembarked.

    I had no sooner got off the ship than I was assailed by a man who wanted to sell me a diamond ring. I had no intention of buying one, but I could not conceal the fact that I was impressed by the size of the diamonds. Some of them were as big as marbles. The man went to great lengths to prove that the diamonds were real. As we were walking past a shop, he held a diamond firmly against the window and made a deep impression in the glass. It took me over half an hour to get rid of him.

    The next man to approach me was selling expensive pens and watches. I examined one of the pens closely. It certainly looked genuine. At the base of the gold cap, the words 'made in the U.S.A' had been nearly inscribed. The man said that the pen was worth $50, but as a special favour, he would let me have it for $30. I shook my head and held up five fingers indicating that I was willing to pay $5. Gesticulating wildly, the man acted as if he found my offer outrageous, but he eventually reduced the price to $10. Shrugging my shoulders, I began to walk away when, a moment later, he ran after me and thrust the pen into my hands. Though he kept throwing up his arms in despair, he readily accepted the $5 I have him. I felt especially pleased with my wonderful bargain -- until I got back to the ship. No matter how hard I tried, it was impossible to fill this beautiful pen with ink and to this day it has never written a single world!

1) I decided not to buy anything until I had disembarked - decided是持续动词+until 吗?

2) The next man to approach me was selling expensive pens and watches - to approach相当于定语从句的完成时?was selling 是系表结构,而不是现在进行时?

3) fingers indicating 应该是现在分词作后置定语,这里的as if he found 应该是陈述语气,而不是虚拟语气?

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最佳答案 2022-02-07 12:43

1 until从句是修饰不定式not to buy的,并不是修饰谓语动词decided的。状语从句既可以修饰谓语动词,也可以修饰非谓语动词,你需要根据语义逻辑做出正确判断,不能一见到一个状语从句就不假思索地以为是修饰谓语动词的。

2 He was the second man to approach me.这样的结构中,即序数词+名词作表语,后接不定式作定语,通常要理解不定式的动作是已经发生过的动作,改为定语从句时要用完成体。但你的句子不同,the next man是主语,而不是表语,作定语的不定式不一定都是发生过的动作。你这个句子中不定式改为定语从句的话,定语从句用一般过去时:The next man who approached me...was selling就是普通的过去进行时。此人一直在向游客兜售钢笔和手表。

3  I shook my head and held up five fingers indicating that I was willing to pay $5. 现在分词短语不是定语,而是修饰held up five fingers这个谓语的,你可以分析为现在分词短语作目的状语。现在分词作目的状语,分词的动作与谓语动作是同时的;不定式作目的状语,不定式的动作在谓语动作之后,中间通常有时间间隔。

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  • ykqstudy 提出于 2022-02-02 16:39