英语考试

For example, changes in the economy that lead to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment in general make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain.我查了别人提问的类似结构,说“主语+be+表语+不定式(及物动词)”的结构中,人们通常认为to do是反射不定式与表语一起构成“复合谓语”,且与主语surroundings发生逻辑上的动宾关系。反射不定式就是主动语态的不定式(及物动词)发出反射动作与前面的名词构成逻辑上的动宾关系。那这里difficult to obtain作宾语补足语,是不是不是和主语changes发生逻辑上的动宾关系而是和宾语gainful employment发生逻辑上的动宾关系啊?也就是翻译成:越来越难获得(宾语补足语)有报酬的工作(宾语) 吗?还有这个to obtain可以看成状语修饰形容词difficult吗,但是有老师对这个例子这么说

I have something difficult to do 

解答如下

形容词difficult和不定式to do都作后置定语,都修饰/限定前面的不定代词something。

She found the text difficult to understand

difficult to understand 为一个整体是宾语补足语,不建议继续分析,如果一定要分析,可以理解为状语成分

到底不定式是状语还是定语啊。麻烦老师了


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最佳答案 2020-07-12 09:06

为了分析,我把句子简化一下:

Changes in the economy make gainful employment difficult to obtain.
【翻译】经济的变化使有报酬的工作很难获得。

Changes in the economy (主语)make (谓语动词)gainful employment (宾语)difficult to obtain.(宾补)

我们把形容词短语(difficult to obtain)看作一个整体,在句中作某种成分。这样划分具有一定的概括意义,而不要把它分析得支离破碎。比如:

This job is difficult to obtain.  (作表语)

This is a job difficult to obtain. (作定语)

I find this job difficult to obtain. (作宾补)

又如:

Tom is suitable for the job. (作表语)

Tom is a man suitable for the job. (作定语)

I consider Tom suitable for the job. (作宾补)

建议:adj. + 不定式 或者 adj. + 介词短语,都可以这样处理,不要细分。否则会出力不讨好。

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