借花献佛——为老师们提供shouldn't(表推测)和should have to权威例句

今天,学习了咱们答疑网早期的帖子 http://ask.yygrammar.com/q-24749.html 

老师们功力深厚,我就像在看神仙打架,看得一头雾水。

我发现,老师们在辩论时候,对例句的权威与否,很是纠结。比如,帖子上说:“should的推测性用法不是should的主要用法,词典中未找到shouldn't表示推测的用法。这与should表示责任、义务时,词典中不一定能找到should have to do的例句一样。”

 

吃水不忘打井人,这里我也给老师们做些贡献。以下是例句:

 

【shouldn't do 】

▲We needn't get ready yet; the guests shouldn't come for another hour (LDCE)

——赵振才《英语常见问题解答大词典》

▲We needn't get ready yet; the guests shouldn't come for another hour (Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 1978: 89).

                                            ——http://ekrost.ru/poster/mnogoznachnost-v-sfere-modalnosti-na-primere-glagola-should.html(俄罗斯英语学习网站)

 

【should have to do】

▲ Either you cut it out, or we should have to wash our hands of the whole business. (Snow)

 

▲ “Man performs, engenders, so much more than he can or should have to bear. That's how he finds that he can bear anything”  (William Faulkner). 

——《美国传统词典》

 

 ▲No American should have to drive out of town to breathe clean air...

                                        ——《柯林斯》

 

▲I don’ t think that I should have to face discrimination as part of my daily life. 

——《麦克米伦》

 

▲No one should have to suffer such degrading treatment.

——《剑桥双解》

 

 ▲It is disgraceful that anyone should have to live in such conditions.

  ——《朗文双解》

 

▲ should have to pass the hat round or try (dressed like a down-at-heels corner boy) to get some sort of job — Nicholas Monsarrat

                                     Webster's Third New International Dictionary, Unabridged

 

 ▲I really don't see why I should have to explain myself to you. 

                                                                                              ——《牛津7和8》

▲human 'right

noun

[C usually plural] one of the basic rights which many societies think every person should have to be treated in a fair equal way without cruelty, for example by their government, or the right to vote

                                                                     ——《朗文》

 

▲No one should have to be subjected to my uncle's bad jokes.

——Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary

 

有些遗憾,shouldn’t表示推测的例句,只找到一个权威的。如果大家有权威的,请不吝分享。


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最佳答案 2020-02-04 17:02

情态动词的epistemic用法都是从 deontic用法的基础上引申而来的,所以有时候兼有二者的意思。

We needn't get ready yet; the guests shouldn't come for another hour.

这个句子中shouldn't come应该分析为epistemic用法。即说话人有一定依据的推测(例如他们出发晚了等信息)。

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其它 1 个回答

mengxin Z

▲We needn't get ready yet; the guests shouldn't come for another hour (LDCE)

虽然《朗曼》很流行,但是这句不是表推测,shouldn't 是与平常的认知做比较。

前面的“needn't get ready”也排除了后句是表推测,否则逻辑上很矛盾

再如:According to the weather report, it shouldn't rain this afternoon. 

所谓推测,是指未来事件的有变数。天气预报这句,通常也算不上是推测(是气象台用科技分析的结果),虽然多少接近是推测。


▲ Either you cut it out, or we should have to wash our hands of the whole business. (Snow)

这里should have to , 大致等于 should have no alternative but to wash ..., 不是表推测也不是表责任义务,而是一种虚拟(If you didn't do it, we...)。


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  • 如沐春风 提出于 2019-07-30 08:31

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