请问relate to和be related to可以相互替换吗，意思一样吗？

如：1.The second paragraph relates to the situation in Scotland.

是否等于The second paragraph is related to the situation in Scotland.

2.We shall discuss the problem relating to our specific case.

是否等于We shall discuss the problem related to our specific case.

3.be related to中的related只能理解为形容词吗，可以理解为过去分词表示被动关系吗？如果可以替换的话，是否意味着主动的relating to和被动的related to都成立？