5 thus 的用法疑问

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有关thus的格式,我目前看到过三种。

①上方图片中的选段。在接近结尾的地方,有一个"Thus,"

At each stage in the development of the final product, value is added, thus creating more wealth.

There has been no rain for thirty days in the area. Thus the crops are likely to suffer.

我看到语法书对thus的定义是:

thus后面是根据上下文所作的推论。thus是表示推论的连接性状语。

请问thus只有这一种语法功能吧?上面①②③三种都对应这一语法定义(属于一个类型的语法)吗?区别只是:①是前面有大量论述(多句话),最后来一个推论。②③是在一句话/两句话陈述的内容中产生一个推论。是这样吗?

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最佳答案 2天前

你说的三种用法其实是同一种用法的三种位置。但该词的主要用法确实有三种。

1. 表示结果:意思是因此”“从而(与表示结果的副词 so 用法相似,但更正式),用于指前面所述事实所导致的结果,这样用的 thus 通常用于句首(后面通常有逗号,但不是必须的),但有时也用于句中。如:

He started early; thus he was on time. 他动身很早,因此准时赶到了。

Most of the evidence was destroyed in the fire. Thus it would be almost impossible to prove him guilty. 大多数证据已在火中烧毁,因而要证明他有罪几乎是不可能的。

We do not own the building. Thus, it would be impossible for us to make any major changes to it. 我们不是这栋楼房的房主,因此不能对它进行大改动。

The police tapped the terrorists’ phone, and the information thus collected was used at their trial. 警方窃听了恐怖分子的电话,在审判他们时就使用了以这种方式收集到的情报。

用于并列句中时,通常可省略thus后面重复的成分。如:

The program is very simple and thus easy to run. 程序很简单,因此容易运行。(thus前面省略了it is

Jimmy is adopted and thus unrelated to Beth by blood. 吉米是收养的,因此和贝丝无血缘关系。thus前面省略了he is

2. 表示方式:意思是如此”“这样”“那样”“以此方式等,用于指做某事的方式(相法于in this waylike this,通常位于句末。如:

Do it thus. 这样做。

Hold the wheel in both hands, thus. 用双手握住方向盘,像这样。

Many scholars have argued thus. 许多学者都这样论证过。

3. 表示程度:主要用于习语thus far,意思是到如此程度(与表示程度的副词so用法相似,但更正式,比较so far)。如:

Thus far we've been spared any crises. 迄今为止, 我们还没遇到任何危机。

We haven’t had any problems thus far. 我们至今没有出现任何问题。

Reviewers have said it’s the best movie thus far this year. 评论家们说,这是今年迄今为止最好的影片。

They’re delighted with the replies they’ve received from the public thus far. 到目前为止,他们还满意公众的反应。

4.补充一句:thus还经常用于分词短语前,这类用法相当于and by doing so...

They diluted the drug, thus reducing its effectiveness. 他们把药稀释,这样就减轻它的药效了。(=and by doing so they reduced...

He arranges to collect the payment from the customer, thus saving the client the paperwork. 他安排直接向顾客收取费用,免去了顾客填写各种文件的麻烦。(=and by doing so he can save...

这类用法也可以用非限制性定语从句来改写。如:

They diluted the drug, thus reducing its effectiveness.

=They diluted the drug, which reduced its effectiveness.

He arranges to collect the payment from the customer, thus saving the client the paperwork.

=He arranges to collect the payment from the customer, which saves the client the paperwork.

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